Learning Japanese is not just about mastering the language; understanding the cultural context, etiquette, and social norms is equally important. Here are some key aspects that every Japanese language learner should be aware of:
1. Politeness and Respect
Hierarchy and Formality:
- Keigo (敬語): Japanese has a complex system of honorific speech (keigo), including humble (kenjōgo) and respectful (sonkeigo) language. Understanding when and how to use these forms is crucial, especially in professional settings.
- Titles and Honorifics: Use appropriate titles such as “san” (Mr./Ms.), “sama” (more respectful), “kun” (for males of equal or lower status), and “chan” (for children or close friends).
Bowing (Ojigi):
- Different Bows for Different Situations: Bowing is a common way to greet, thank, apologize, and show respect. The depth and duration of the bow vary depending on the situation and the level of respect.
2. Social Etiquette
Greetings and Introductions:
- Proper Greetings: Common greetings include “ohayou gozaimasu” (good morning), “konnichiwa” (hello/good afternoon), and “konbanwa” (good evening). Always greet people when entering a room or meeting someone.
- Meishi (名刺) Exchange: When exchanging business cards, present and receive them with both hands and take a moment to look at the card before putting it away respectfully.
Gift Giving (Omiyage):
- Bringing Gifts: It is customary to bring a small gift when visiting someone’s home or when returning from a trip. Gifts are often beautifully wrapped, and it is polite to show appreciation and modesty when receiving a gift.
3. Dining Etiquette
Chopsticks (Hashi):
- Proper Use: Never point with chopsticks, stick them upright in a bowl of rice, or pass food from chopstick to chopstick, as these actions are associated with funerals. Delhi’s top Japanese Language Center
- Handling: Rest chopsticks on the provided holder (hashioki) when not in use and avoid playing with them.
Table Manners:
- Before and After Meals: Say “itadakimasu” before eating to show gratitude for the food, and “gochisousama deshita” after finishing the meal to thank the person who prepared it.
- Eating Styles: Lift small bowls to your mouth to eat and avoid making noise while eating, except for slurping noodles, which is acceptable and shows appreciation.
4. Public Behavior
Silence in Public:
- Quietness: Be mindful of noise levels in public places, especially on public transport. Speaking softly and avoiding phone conversations are considered polite.
Cleanliness and Order:
- Tidiness: Japanese culture places high value on cleanliness and order
Nihonkai - Japanese Language Institute 